How To Install Netcat On Windows 7

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The Netcat utility program supports a wide range of commands to manage networks and monitor the flow of traffic data between systems. Computer networks, including the world wide web, are built on the backbone of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). Think of it as a free and easy companion tool to use alongside Wireshark, which specializes in the analysis of network packets. The original version of Netcat was released back in 1995 and has received a number of iterative updates in the decades since.

  • Netcat Commands

What is Netcat Used For?

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Use directly in the command prompt like: c: netcat-1.11 c google.com 80 optional: add to Environment Variables to be used from any context Or install Nmap (includes Netcat). Netcat Free Download for Windows 10/8/7 2020 – #1 Network Tool Netcat is a utility used to write and read data across TCP and UDP network connections. You need to understand the capabilities of Netcat if you are responsible for network system or system security. Sudo aptitude install netcat Installation command on CentOS: sudo yum install netcat On MacOS, Netcat is installed by default. An example of connecting to some server (like telnet): nc ixnfo.com 80 Running Netcat as a server: nc -l -p 777 Netcat can be used to transfer a file, for this on the first computer we type: cat file nc -l -p 777. Installation using apt is pretty simple, you just need to type the following command in the terminal. 10 Steps to Use NetCat as a Backdoor in Windows 7 System: 1. The first step you need to gain an access to victim computer and get a meterpreter script for the payload (I'm using java signed applet from my previous tutorial).

Netcat can be a useful tool for any IT team, though the growth of internally managed network services and cloud computing make that particular environment a natural fit. Network and system administrators need to be able to quickly identify how their network is performing and what type of activity is occurring.

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Netcat functions as a back-end tool that allows for port scanning and port listening. In addition, you can actually transfer files directly through Netcat or use it as a backdoor into other networked systems. Partnered with a tool like Varonis Edge, you would receive an alert of any unusual activity and could then use Netcat to investigate. Lastly, Netcat is a flexible tool because of how it can be scripted for larger tasks.

Basic Netcat Commands

Once you have a Netcat application set up on your Windows or Linux server, you can start running basic commands to test its functionality. Here are a few to get started with:

nc -help – This command will print a list of all of the available commands you can use in Netcat. It will come in handy if you run into any errors while writing a script or are unsure of how to proceed.

nc -z -v site.com – This will run a basic port scan of the specified website or server. Netcat will return verbose results with lists of ports and statuses. Keep in mind that you can use an IP address in place of the site domain.

nc -l – This command will instruct the local system to begin listening for TCP connections and UDP activity on a specific port number.

nc site.com 1234 (less than) file_name – This command will initiate the transfer of a file based on the specified port number.

Printf – Netcat can actually operate as a simplified web host. This command will let you save HTML code and publish it through your local server.

Netcat Command Syntax

All Netcat commands must start with the “netcat” identifier or “nc” as a shorter option. By default, the Netcat tool will assume you want to perform a port scan unless you indicate otherwise.

Different option parameters can be used that include: “-u” for UDP traffic instead of TCP, “-v” for verbose output, “-p” to specify a specific port, and “-D” to turn on full debugging mode. Individual attributes within a Netcat command must be separated with a space. The command prompt will inform you if you have a typo or unrecognized term in your script.

Port Scanning with Netcat Commands

When trying to diagnose a network issue or performance problem, executing a port scan with Netcat is a smart first step to take. The scan will check the status of all ports on the given domain or IP address so that you can determine whether a firewall or other blocking mechanism is in place.

A basic port scan command for an IP ncat address looks like this:

nc -v -n 8.8.8.8 1-1000

Note that the numbers at the end of the command tell Netcat to only scan for ports between numbers 1 and 1000.

If you don’t know the IP address of a server or website, then you can look it up via a ping terminal command or just insert the domain into the Netcat command:

nc -v -n google.com 1-1000

You should always perform port scans when connected to your local enterprise network. If not, you can configure your router with a VPN service to create a secure tunnel into the network.

Create a Chat or Web Server

Chat programs are on the rise. From open-source solutions to those that seemed to suddenly gain massive popularity, there are a wide range of chat and communication tools available to enterprise organizations. The reality is that some IT experts and system administrators would prefer a simple text-only solution. Windows Netcat can actually fill that need and allow for the transmission of messages across a local network.

To get started, you first need Netcat to start listening on a port number. Make sure not to choose a port that is already in use by another application or service.

nc -l -p 1299

Then all you need to do is launch the chat session with a new TCP connection:

nc localhost 1299

This process can also be used to spin up a basic web server from your local machine. Netcat will function as the web host and allow you to store HTML content which can then be viewed through a web browser.

First, create a new text document on your local system and make sure to use valid HTML tags. Then save the file as “index.html” and store it in the root of your Netcat directory. Now switch back to the Netcat tool and run this command:

printf ‘HTTP/1.1 200 OKnn%s’ “$(cat index.html)” netcat -l 8999

To see the HTML in action, simply open any web browser and navigate to your local IP address with: 8999 at the end to specify the port of the host.

Verbose Scan with Netcat Commands

Every command you run in Netcat will include certain output text to indicate whether it was successful or not. For troubleshooting and debugging purposes, you’ll want to gather as much information and logs as possible while also investing in solutions like Varonis Datalert to detect threats and respond quickly. Netcat can help thanks to the verbose parameter which can be added to any basic Netcat command. Simply include “-v” to your command and run it again.

Even with this setting turned on, Netcat will not reveal any of your credentials or authentication data.

HTTP Requests with Netcat Commands

We’ve covered how you can use Netcat to host HTML pages on your local system. But the utility program can also be used to make web requests to outside servers. In this way, Netcat will essentially function as a web browser by obtaining raw HTML code.

Along with a tool like Varonis Edge, Netcat can be helpful for IT professionals who are looking into internet traffic issues or proxies. Here’s an example of how to obtain the HTML content from Google’s homepage:

printf “GET / HTTP/1.0rnrn” nc google.com 80

Note that the port number 80 is required for this type of command since the world wide web uses it as a default for TCP over IP connections.

TCP Server and TCP Client Commands

Although the TCP protocol is primarily used for transferring web traffic around the world, it can actually be implemented at a local level for file transfers. To accomplish this, you need to run Netcat from two locations: one that will act as a server to send the file and one that will act as the client to receive it.

Run this Netcat command on the server instance to send the file over port 1499:

nc -l 1499 > filename.out

Then run this command on the client to accept, receive, and close the connection:

nc server.com 1499 (less than) filename.in

Make sure to replace “server.com” with the full hostname or IP address of the sending server.

ITEM with Netcat Commands

How

Newer versions of Netcat allow you to use ITEM format for transferring data instead of the standard TCP or UDP protocols. To accomplish this, you must follow this syntax:

file_path (pipe) device_path (pipe) network host

Prevent DNS Lookup with Netcat Commands

Netcat commands run fastest when they are operating purely on IP addresses. This because no time is wasted talking to domain name servers (DNS) to translate server names into IP addresses. If you find that your Netcat commands are still running slow, make sure to add the “-n” operator so that the utility knows that DNS lookups are not required.

Shell Scripting with Netcat

As mentioned earlier, one of the benefits of using Netcat is that it can be included as part of a larger script that performs an automated function. As part of your security procedures, you might want to run a full port scan on all of your servers to detect new malicious applications that are listening for a connection.

You could write a script that:

1. Imports a text file of server names or IP addresses
2. Calls Netcat to run a port scan on each server
3. Writes the output to a new text file for analysis

Multiple Netcat commands can be grouped together in a single script and be run through either a Linux or Windows shell. In some cases, it may be worthwhile to have the scripts on a regular timetable.

Launching Reverse (Backdoor) Shells

To get started, you need to enable the shell tool over a Netcat command by using Netcat reverse shell:

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nc -n -v -l -p 5555 -e /bin/bashCar mechanic simulator 2015 - visual tuning crack.

Then from any other system on the network, you can test how to run commands on host after successful Netcat connection in bash.

nc -nv 127.0.0.1 5555

A reverse shell is a remote access approach where you run administrative commands from one terminal while connecting to another server on the network. To get started, you need to enable the shell tool over a Netcat command by using Netcat reverse shell:

nc -n -v -l -p 5555 -e /bin/bash

Then from any other system on the network, you can test how to run commands on the selected host after successful Netcat connection in bash:

nc -nv 127.0.0.1 5555

Netcat Cheat Sheet

Until you start using Netcat on a regular basis, you might get confused about the command syntax or forget what some of the parameters do. Don’t worry! We’ve included a cheat sheet below to help you find what you need quickly to run a working Netcat command.

Netcat Fundamentals

nc [options] [host] [port] – by default this will execute a port scan

nc -l [host] [port] – initiates a listener on the given port

Netcat Command Flags

nc -4 – use IPv4 only

nc -6 – use IPv6

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nc -u – use UDP instead of TCP

nc -k -l – continue listening after disconnection

nc -n – skip DNS lookups

nc -v – provide verbose output

Netcat Relays on Windows

nc [host] [port] > relay.bat – open a relay connection

nc -l -p [port] -e relay.bat – connect to relay

Netcat Relays on Linux

nc -l -p [port] 0 (less than) backpipe (pipe) nc [client IP] [port] (pipe) tee backpipe

Netcat File Transfer

nc [host] [port] (greater than) file_name.out– send a file

nc [host] [port] (less than) file_name.in – receive a file

Netcat Port Scanner

nc -zv site.com 80 – scan a single port

nc -zv hostname.com 80 84 – scan a set of individual ports

nc -zv site.com 80-84 – scan a range of ports

Netcat Banners

echo “” nc -zv -wl [host] [port range] – obtain the TCP banners for a range of ports

Netcat Backdoor Shells

nc -l -p [port] -e /bin/bash – run a shell on Linux

nc -l -p [port] -e cmd.exe – run a shell on Netcat for Windows

Additional Netcat Resources

In today’s fast-changing world of technology and increasingly complex networks, companies need to be proactive when it comes to cybersecurity. That means hiring experts who know what threats to look for and how to combat them. Otherwise, a single instance of a cyberattack like ransomware could lead to lasting damage for the entire organization. Pairing solutions from Varonis with tools like Netcat will help to keep your internal network safer.

Netcat is a simple but useful tool used for TCP, UDP, Unix-domain sockets. Netcat can listen or connect specified sockets easily. Netcat is a platform-independent command supported by Linux, Unix, Windows, BSD, macOS, etc. Common use cases for Netcat are;

  • Simple TCP proxy
  • Shell script-based HTTP clients and Servers
  • Network daemon testing
  • A SOCKS or HTTP ProxyCommand for ssh

netcat Command Syntax

We will use the following syntax for `nc` command.

  • OPTIONS used to set some special behavior like timeout, help, jumbo frame, etc.
  • DESTINATION is used to specify remote system IP or Hostname.
  • PORT is the remote system port number.

If we will use netcat as server the following syntax is valid.

  • OPTIONS used to set some special behavior like timeout, help, jumbo
  • PORT is the port number the server will listen

netcat Command Help

nc or netcat command has a lot of different options. Help and information about these options can get or printed with the -h option like below.

We can see that netcat command provides a lot of different options.

Port Scan with netcat Command

Penetration testers generally use port scan techniques for information gathering. Nmap is one of the most popular tools to find open ports. Netcat can provide port scan functionality. The advantage of netcat is simplicity and no library dependency. Single netcat binary is enough for port scan and can be used for all operating systems like Windows, Linux, Unix, MacOS, BSD.

We will use -z options for a port scan like below. In this example, we will scan IP address 192.168.122.1 which can be also a domain name like poftut.com . The port range is specified as 1-30 .

The screenshot shows detailed output only port 22 is open as we can see. Make the IP scan faster with the -n option. This will disable the DNS resolutions about the target IP address.

Verbose Scan with netcat Command

In the previous example, we have scanned our host in a silent mode. Silent mode is the default mode which means only open ports will be printed to the console. There is an option -v that will produce more detailed information. The verbose mode can be also used for banner grabbing purposes. In the following example, we will scan the port range from 1 to 1000.

Start Netcat TCP Server

Another useful feature of netcat is acting as a TCP server. Netcat can listen to the specified TCP port. But as a security measure in Linux systems only privileged users can listen to ports between 1-1024 . In this example, we will listen to TCP ports 30. To give required privileges we use sudo command.

In the example screenshot, we see that a client is connected to our server and provided text like ls and test . This client tool can be telnet or netcat too. If we do not provide the sudo command to get root privileges we will get an error like Permission denied.

Connect Netcat TCP Server

In the previous example, we have examined the TCP server. Netcat also provides client capabilities. To use netcat as a client we should provide hostname or IP address and the port information. There is no special option for this.

In this example, we have connected to the localhost ssh port number 22. SSH server sends us some text about it and waiting for the response.

Send Files Trough Netcat

Windows Netcat Command

Another useful feature of the netcat is file transfer. As we see previous examples netcat can transfer text easily with server-client architecture. There is no limit on transfer data. This data can be a normal program or a movie. But keep in mind the transfer time will change according to data size. In order to transfer we need to set up a server which is the destination. And in the server configuration, we will redirect the incoming data into a filename myfile.txt

Now we can send the file from the client. We will read file thefile.txt in the client-side by redirecting to the netcat file like below.

After the transfer is completed both server and client-side netcat instances will be closed.

Simple Web Server With Netcat Command

Netcat has another interesting feature for simple usage. Netcat can be used as a simple web server. Actually, web servers are very simple if there are no special configuration requirements. Web servers only send HTML pages over HTTP protocol. Netcat can also send HTML code with redirection.

In the client-side, we will use Google Chrome to navigate IP address 192.168.122.239 with port number 4444

Prevent DNS Lookup

While using DNS lookup can be disabled with the option -n this will make operations faster.

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Continue Listening After Client Has Disconnected

By default, netcat will stop listening on the specified port and IP address after a client has ended its connection. This means netcat works as server listener. We can provide the -k option which will continue listening given port and IP address even the remote client ends its connection.

Netcat Listen On Port

Specify Timeout For netcat Connection

After establishing a connection to the remote netcat server we transfer some data. If there is no transfer for during the specified time which is called timeout we can drop or close the connection. We will use -w option with the timeout value we want to set. In this example, we will set a timeout value as120.

Use IPv4 Only with netcat Command

netcat is a tool that supports both IPv4 and IPv6 and in some cases, we may want to only enable the IPv4 protocol. This is especially useful for listening to a specific port. We will use -4 as an option to enable only IPv4.

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Use IPv6 Only with netcat Command

On the other side, we can also enable only IPv6.This is a very rare case but may be useful in some rare situations. We can enable only IPv6 with the -6 option like below.

Banner Grabbing with netcat Command

netcat or nc can be used to grab banners of different ports like SSH, HTTP, HTTPS, VNC, FTP etc. Netcat will initiate a connection to the remote system specified port and print returned response as text to the console with the echo command.

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Then we will issue the following HTTP command in order to make a request to the remote HTTP server. The server will respond to this with the information or banner of itself.